Sigmund Freud is considered the father of psychoanalysis. He lived from (1856-1939) and he revolutionized the study of dreams with his book The Interpretation of Dreams. He analyzed dreams to understand the aspects of people’s personalities; he believed that nothing one does occurs by chance, every action and thought is motivated by your unconscious at some level. Freud separated the mind in to three parts; the Id- which is centered on primal impulses, pleasure, desires, unchecked urges and wishful thinking, Ego- which concerns the conscious, the rational, the moral and self-aware aspect of the mind, and the Superego- which is the censor for the Id, which is also responsible for enforcing moral codes of the ego. When you are awake the impulses of the id are suppressed by the superego, but when you go to sleep you slip in to the unconscious part of your brain where the id controls your thoughts. The id when sleeping can put extremely strange and even mentally damaging images in to your dreams, so to keep you from waking with these horrible images the superego goes to work while dreaming as well, encrypting the messages and making it hard to remember your dreams. Freud says that the dreams always have a manifest and latent content. The manifest is what the dream is saying which is often strange and nonsensical. The latent content is what the dream is really trying to say in the underlying of the dreams. Freud classified these dreams in to five processes. The first is Displacement- Which occurs when the desire for one thing or person is symbolized by someone or something else. The second is projection- this happens when the dreamer propels their own desires and wants onto another person. The third is symbolization- this is when the dreamers repressed urges or desires are acted out metaphorically. The fourth is condensation- which is the process where the dreamer hides there feelings or urges by contracting it or underplaying it into a brief dream image or event. The fifth is rationalization- which is the final stage of dreamwork where the dream mind organizes an incoherent dream into one that is more comprehensible and logical; this is known as secondary revision. Freud is the father of psychoanalysis.
On April 4, 1968, our world would change forever and for the better. Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. took a historical step to let the people of America realize the severity of racial segregation, which lead to King’s death on the second- floor balcony of a hotel in Memphis. Forty years ago, Dr. Martin Luther King concluded in his final speech, “I may not get there with you, but I want you to know tonight, that we as a people will get to the Promised Land.” According to Michael Eric Dyson, a Georgetown University sociology professor, he believes that black Americans are closer to the Promised Land but not all there yet. There is still a large amount of black Americans who still live in poverty every day. In Dyson’s opinion, he believed that King’s death changed America by giving us language to express our aspirations and alerted white America’s perception of life.
The death of King changed American society forever. Dr. King was a true hero that risked his life to stand up for what was right. Even since King’s death 44 years ago, his message still influences America today. It has even influenced the presidential election in a positive direction.
The differences between Barrack Obama and Martin Luther King Jr. are significant and yet both will have a lasting impact on the future progress of black Americans. The interviewee in the article correctly points out the fact that Obama gets an audience and media coverage being the first ever African American Presidential candidate while Martin Luther King Jr. started a movement and created significant lasting change as a citizen and pastor. Although the movement is still alive and the progress still recognizes most African Americans, there is still considerable progress that is needed.
There have been significant advances in the past four decades concerning equality; however, the only class that is reaping the benefits of the hard work put forth by our nations’ leaders is the middle class African Americans. There is still a significant amount of poor African Americans that as a whole seem to represent the African American race. You really only hear about the negative aspect of the African American race rather than the positive.
Some people believe that our society is right where it needs to be in terms of reconciliation and justice. Other parts of our society believe that we still have a long journey ahead of us to racial equality. In my opinion I feel we still have a long way to go concerning reconciliation and justice because of the way certain African Americans are discriminated against concerning jobs, salary, religion, athletics, and academics. Why can’t we all be looked at as the same regardless of the color of our skin? We are all “equal” by law but we still have many bridges to cross as a society.
Everything in our society today is a competition. Life is a battle and no matter what color your skin is or what sex you are you will always fight for justice. It will take years, if not decades, for racism and justice to be equal. Dr. King prospered in a way but it also failed 40 years ago and we are still struggling till this day, so we still have ways to go for racism and justice to be equal. No one in America should be proud of our society, as a whole, right now. Yet, everyone is proud to be an American?
My article was about the correlations between Martin Luther King Jr’s legendary “I have a dream” speech and the 2008 presidential election. People feel that Martin Luther King’s speech still has a presence in today’s society concerning ethics. Even after four decades since his speech, some feel like our society is right where it needs to be concerning reconciliation and justice, and others feel like we have a long way to go. I feel like we have a long way to go concerning reconciliation and justice because of the way certain African Americans are discriminated against concerning jobs, salary, religion, athletics, and academics. The road to racial equality is a long path, and the American society has only just begun. We are all “equal” by law but in the public eye there is still many bridges to be crossed.
Born May 12, 1913 died October 16,2005. Was an American political sociologist. He is famous for his Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World (1966), a comparative study of modernization in Britain, France, the United States, China, Japan and India, and a philosophical history of totalitarianism. His many other works include Reflections on the Causes of Human Misery 1972 and an analysis of rebellion, Injustice: the Social Basis of Obedience and Revolt 1978.
Education and private life
He graduated from Williams College, Massachusetts, where he got a thorough education in Latin and Greek and in history. He also became interested in political science, and was elected to Phi Beta Kappa. In 1941, Moore obtained his Ph.D. in sociology from Yale University. He worked as a policy analyst for the government, in the OSS and at the Department of Justice. He met Herbert Marcuse, a lifelong friend, and also his future wife, Elizabeth Ito, at the OSS. His wife died in 1992. They had no children. Academic career
His academic career began in 1945 at the University of Chicago, in 1948 he went to Harvard University, joining the Russian Research Center in 1951. He was emerited in 1979. Moore published his first book, Soviet Politics in 1950 and Terror and Progress, USSR in 1954. In 1958 his book of six essays on methodology and theory, Political Power and Social Theory, attacked the methodological outlook of 1950s social science. His students at Harvard included comparative social scientists Theda Skocpol, and Charles Tilly.
Views
Social origins of dictatorship and democracy
Moore's groundbreaking work Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy (1966), was the cornerstone to what is now called comparative historical analysis in the social sciences. In that work he studied the conditions for the sociogenesis of democratic, fascist and communist regimes, looking especially at the ways in which industrialization and the pre-existing agrarian regimes interacted to produce those different political outcomes. He drew particular attention to the violence which preceded the development of democratic institutions.
Moore lists five conditions for the development of Western-style democracy (through a "bourgeois revolution")
1. the "development of a balance to avoid too strong a crown or too independent a landed aristocracy"
2. a shift toward "an appropriate form of commercial agriculture"
3. a "weakening of the landed aristocracy"
4. the "prevention of an aristocratic-bourgeois coalition against the peasants and workers" [which would lead to fascism]
5. a "revolutionary break with the past".
Moore's concern was the transformation of pre-industrial agrarian social relations into "modern" ones. He highlighted what he called "three routes to the modern world" - the liberal democratic, the fascist, and the communist - each deriving from the timing of industrialization and the social structure at the time of transition.
In the simplest sense, Social Origins can be summarized with his famous statement "No bourgeoisie, no democracy" though taking that idea at face value undercuts and misinterprets the nuances of his argument.
In England, the effect of the "bourgeois impulse" was to change the attitudes of a portion of the landed elite towards commercial farming, leading to the destruction of the peasantry through the enclosure system and the English Civil War which led to an aristocratic, but moderate democracy.
In France, the French Revolution did directly include the bourgeoisie, but it was the overwhelming influence of the peasantry that determined "just how far the revolution could go." The peasantry remained thereafter a reservoir of reactionary attitudes.
In the United States, the industrial north's victory over the Southern planter elite in the Civil War cemented the U.S. path to modernity through liberal democracy, but only after southern planters "acquired a tincture" of urban business - essentially changing their attitudes towards capitalist accumulation. The result, however, was that once this transformation took place, the Northern capitalists ended Reconstruction and allowed the South to implement Jim Crow.
Moore also directly addressed the Japanese transition to modernity through fascism and the communist path in China, while implicitly remarking on Germany and Russia.
For Moore, the influence of the bourgeoisie in Japan was significantly more limited than in England, France, and the U.S. Instead of the capitalist accumulation through the "bourgeois impulse" as it did in those three cases, Japan's late transition to industrial modernity was induced through "labor repressive" agriculture - squeezing the peasantry to generate the necessary capital for modernization. This "revolution from above" served to cement a reactionary alliance of a weak bourgeoisie and powerful landowners that culminated in fascism.
In China, the overwhelming strength of the peasantry vis-a-vis the bourgeoisie and the landed elites resulted in the Chinese Revolution, but ironically they were its first victims. Here, the bourgeoisie allied with the peasants, and created a "revolution from below."
One can see Moore's theme of the bourgeoisie again here - in the states that became democratic, there was a strong bourgeoisie. In Japan and China, the bourgeoisie was weak, and allied with the elites or peasants to create fascism or communism, respectively.
On tolerance
In 1965, Moore, Herbert Marcuse, and Robert Paul Wolff each authored an essay on the concept of tolerance and the three essays were collected in the book A Critique of Pure Tolerance. The title was a play on the title of Immanuel Kant's book Critique of Pure Reason. In the book Moore argues that academic research and society in general should adopt a strictly scientific and secular outlook and approach theories and conjectures with empirical verification. The essay "Repressive Tolerance" is one part of this book.
Works
Soviet Politics – The Dilemma of Power: The Role of Ideas in Social Change, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1950.
Terror and Progress, USSR: Some Sources of Change and Stability in the Soviet Dictatorship, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1954.
Political Power and Social Theory: Six Studies, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1958. Erweiterte Ausgabe: Political Power and Social Theory: Seven Studies, Harper & Row, New York, 1965.
Barrington Moore, Jr., Robert Paul Wolff, Herbert Marcuse: A Critique of Pure Tolerance, Beacon Press, Boston, 1965.
Social Origins of Dictatorship and Democracy: Lord and Peasant in the Making of the Modern World, Beacon Press, Boston, 1966.
Reflection of the Causes of Human Misery and on Certain Proposals to Eliminate Them, Beacon Press, Boston, 1972.
Injustice: The Social Bases of Obedience and Revolt, M.E. Sharpe, White Plains, NY, 1978.
Privacy: Studies in Social and Cultural History, M.E. Sharpe, Armonk, NY, 1983.
Authority and Inequality under Capitalism and Socialism (Tanner Lectures on Human Values), Clarendon Press, Oxford, 1987.
Moral Aspects of Economic Growth, and Other Essays (The Wilder House Series in Politics, History, and Culture), Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY, 1993.
Moral Purity and Persecution in History, Princeton University Press, Princeton, NJ, 2000. References
1. ^ Moore,Jr., Barrington (1993) [First published 1966]. Social origins of dictatorship and democracy: lord and peasant in the making of the modern world (with a new foreword by Edward Friedman and James C. Scott ed.). Boston: Beacon Press. p. 418. http://www.beacon.org/productdetails.cfm?PC=1275. Retrieved March 18, 2012.
2. ^ Moore, Barrington, Herbert Marcuse and Robert Paul Wolff, A Critique of Pure Tolerance (Boston: Beacon Press, 1965)
Zygmunt Bauman
Owen Dineen
Zygmunt Bauman is a Polish sociologist. Born 19 November 1925, Zygmunt resided in Poland until 1971 when anti-Semitic groups forced him and others out of the country. He is best known for publishing Modernity and the Holocaust, 1989. This controversial writing outlined Zygmunt's belief that contrary to the popular idea of the Holocaust being a barbaric and evil event was in fact a “rationality of evil”.
Bauman’s ideals about Nazi actions seem to stem directly from the source. His family evacuated Poland in 1939 after the Nazi invasion. Bauman later enlisted and served in the Soviet controlled Polish First Army and participated in the battles of Kolberg and Berlin. In 1953 he was dishonorably discharged after his father considered emigrating to Israel and even spoke to the Israeli embassy in Warsaw. After discharge Zygmunt completed his M.A. degree and was hired on as a lecturer at the University of Warsaw in 1954. In 1968 after the anti-Semitic purges in Poland, Bauman traveled to Israel where for a short time he taught at Tel Aviv University but resigned after accepting a position in the Sociology Department at the University of Leeds.
Zygmunt Bauman’s most notable contribution to Sociology is his concept of modernity, which he defines as “the opposition of order and chaos” and he uses as the element to restrict social life’s unstated qualities. He uses this idea in Modernity and the Holocaust to describe the Holocaust as blending with modern principles and utilized many doctrines of modern rationalism. He made the argument that the Holocaust was made possible by both the Hobbesian view, stating that human kind is unethical by nature and ethical by society, and the bureaucratic division of moral obligation.
This logic is further reinforced by Bauman’s positions in his many other published titles. One idea that has opposed some of the best sociologists of their time is that the first form of human experience is social interdependence and by default the first human relationship is a moral relationship. He uses this idea to argue that the technological developments of our time cause technological abstraction in our lives even before our relationship with the global world can have as many negative effects as positive ones. Bauman shares this belief with sociologist Jean Baurdrillard but is subject to accusations of pessimism.
Another view that showed up in its infancy in Modernity and the Holocaust is the theory of the “stranger”. This figure is created by society, to an extent, as it attempts to cognitively order social and physical space which creates a form of human waste. Instead of being a friend or an enemy, the stranger fits neither of the categories and is instead undetectable. Because of this invisibility the stranger is constantly afraid of being excluded from the modern order of society as someone with a destined position or role in society.
Zygmunt Bauman at 87 is no spring chicken. However his ideas, though controversial, have helped shape the modern science of sociology. His ideas of modernity and “the stranger” are radical but they reflect the ideals of a man who has seen so much.
In order to accurately argue the legalization of marijuana first we need to describe what marijuana is, and what it does to a person. We got our hands on an addictions counselor’s book called “Uppers Downers and All Arounders.” This book is used to identify different drugs and what they do to a person. In this book marijuana is described as having over 420 chemicals. The most potent psychoactive chemical is called Tetrahydrocannabinol , or THC. THC is what gives a person the high feeling from marijuana. The average amount of THC in marijuana is 15 to 25%. Effects of THC are physical relaxation or sedation, some pain control, bloodshot eyes, coughing, an increase in appetite, and a small loss in muscular coordination.
A valid argument to say smoking marijuana is bad for your health is the level of toxins inhaled while smoking. Smoking a joint of marijuana is said to be equal to anywhere from 5 to 20 cigarettes. If you have ever seen a pipe used for smoking marijuana it is covered on the inside with tar and resin. People use these methods of smoking because marijuana is illegal. It is easier and more disposable to roll a joint or load a bowl than it is to own a vaporizer, a smokeless cannabis-vaporizing device delivers the same level of the THC chemical and produces the same biological effect as smoking cannabis, but without the harmful toxins, according to University of California San Francisco researchers.
Money and medical
People sell marijuana for a reason. That reason is, there’s a lot of money to be made. It’s all about supply and demand. There is a demand for marijuana so there are people that are willing to supply it. The money could be beneficial to our struggling economy. There is no telling exactly how much money could be made from a seemingly endless market. The people want marijuana and they are getting it despite the laws and regulations put forth by the government. To put a small number on how much money could be made we can look at the dispensary’s profits. The medical marijuana business is growing rapidly. “Medical marijuana is now a $1.7 billion market, according to a report released by See Change Strategy, an independent financial analysis firm” (Olson). This might not seem like much money when you think about the amount of debt America is in, but the money being made is only increasing. It is said to be $8.9 billion by 2016 (Olson). This number comes from the 15 states that have medical marijuana. If this was a nationwide agreement to have medical marijuana then I would think that number would more than triple. As it stands right now the only states that are benefiting from this money are the states that allow the medical marijuana to be sold.
Inaba, Darryl S, and Pharm, D, and William E. Cohen."Uppers Downers All Arounders." Chapter 6 All Arounders. Ed. Elizabeth Von Radies
Olson, Al. "Medicla Marijuana Becoming Blockbuster Drug." Msnbc.com(2011)
The History Lesson
by Jessi Geist
Marijuana has been around for many centuries and can be dated all the way back to 2900 BC where it is first referenced by the Chinese Emperor Fu, who was credited for being civilization to the Chinese people. He talked about “MA” which historians believe is cannabis, he repeatedly mentioned how popular marijuana is for its healing power and how it possessed both Ying and Yang. However hemp was not limited to smoking, people would use the whole plant to make fabrics, cooked and ate the seeds, and the oils were extracted out to be used for medicines and anointing oils in religious ceremonies. Quickly the plant became highly thought of, and would be given as gifts of ‘peace offerings’ between nations.
In 1492 Cristoforo Colombo (Christopher Columbus) sailed the ocean blue, and under his boat he was carrying all of his supplies, including marijuana seeds. He was the first man known to bring the plant over to the new world, and 200 years later farmers were actually required to grow hemp in the colonies, mostly for its industrial purposes and trade. Even George Washington and our other founding fathers grew and respected the potential of cannabis. Thomas Jefferson even promoted it over tobacco, because marijuana was more vestal, referring to hemp as a ‘necessity’. Queen Victoria was prescribed cannabis extracts for her menstrual cramps, which caused marijuana to be extremely popular, especially in the western countries because it was cheap and could be reproduced easily and eventually was used to treating opium addiction in the late 1800’s. Henry Fords created his first car in 1941with hemp plastics and ran off of a hemp ethanol, which he invented! He promoted the vehicle by advertising it as ‘all natural and grown out of the ground.’ His cars were 10 times stronger then steal and hemp fuel was a real biofuel because it had a little emissions of CO2.
So what happened? Historians believed that controversy started when the FDA was created, requiring all manufacturers to label all ingredients in their products. However this was not the direct cause, when prohibition started a man named Harry J Anslinger who became the first commissioner of the Federal Bureau of Narcotics in 1930. His main target was opium and heron however he quickly developed a hatred for Marijuana. This was the man who declared marijuana to be unsafe and reckless through propaganda campaigns and films. In 1936 ‘Reefer Madness’ was released out in to the public and was only filmed to scare Americans to hating marijuana, and worked. In one scene a man who is ‘High’ beats a third person to death while a women, smoking a joint, laughs hysterically. The actor’s even state in the movie that marijuana causes insanity, although never once giving any evidence to support any claims. Anslinger also spread stories through the media of young people killing there whole families after smoking the ‘drug,’ panic-stricken votes where over welmed and demanded to take action with out asking or hearing about any scientific research that could back up these claims. One man did stand up to Anslinger and conducted his own studies, Fiorello La Guardia, the mayor of New York, was skeptical of the governments sudden change and spoke out against the laws passed saying that most people of this nation do not want marijuana to be prohibited. In the 6 years of studies that he directed La Guardia found the truth and tried to proclaim it to the nation. However Anslinger was much stronger and over powered his opinions and then destroyed every copy of the studies. Later in 1961 Anslinger set his sights even higher and targeted the U.N. and effectively persuaded 0ver 100 countries to consolidate with our drug laws. Causing Marijuana to be illegal around the world through scare-tactics. Isn’t it amazing how one person can have so much power?
In conclusion our nation needs to open their eyes and see that marijuana is not such a bad thing it honestly could help our country instead of harming it. Prescription drugs are becoming less and less trusted by patients, and for a good reason, no one wants to become more sick because they are taking something that is suppose to make them better. Addiction is running ram-pit in the medical world and we can help slow that by substituting highly addicting drugs with marijuana, which has an addiction rate of 9%. Going green is the new popular slogan now a days so why not try a drug that is all natural and has little to no side effects that come with it? Oh because its illegal. I encourage you all to do your own research and form your own opinion on marijuana and its legalization because who knows whose life you could save from overdose by having a safer alternative to be available for that patient
The tequila, mariachi and plugs are recognized internationally as symbols of Mexican culture. And is that Mexicans are cheerful party-loving by nature. As good feel great passion for Latin music and dance, food and drink.
But describing the current Mexican culture is not as simple as it is a culture rich in tradition and in contrast, the result of both the history and modernization.
The calendar contains many festivals in Mexico national, regional and local big is celebrated by each community and reflect the great spirituality that residents have as a result of the mixture of pre-Hispanic beliefs of their ancestors and Catholic evangelization imposed by the Spanish conquerors.
Some of the most popular celebrations is the National Day of the Virgin of Guadalupe, a Catholic festival held every December 12 the message that the dark invocation of the Virgin Mary left for the Mexican people, represented by a young Indian, as has thehistory. With international fame, All Saints Day celebrates the day that under indigenous beliefs, the dead return to visit their living relatives, for death is not the end of life, but a continuation of it in a parallel world.
Hospitable and warm, like to help foreigners who arrive in Mexican territory, regardless of having to do with gestures or signs, or even be theirs to make themselves understood in a foreign language.
The Mexican family is the foundation of Mexican society. It clearly represents the psychology of the Mexican male, the man who worships her mother and cares for the honor of her sisters, however, when it comes to women outside the family were not with the same respect. This remains a reality for millions of Mexican families, particularly those of low social status or a lower level of education. However, Mexican society has come a long way and today counts among its inhabitants a million women and men with university degrees and modern ways that are shaping a new social settings, particularly in large cities. As an example, just passed by Congress a new law allowing abortion in the capital from May 2007.
Nevertheless, modernization has failed to change the strong family ties that distinguish Mexicans, so the next generation travel the world, obtained employment abroad, assimilate new philosophies and ways of life but every Christmas or holiday summer return to visit their grandparents, parents and children to share with them that are central to their lives.
But the parties and family gatherings would not be as popular without good food and good drink, and that is why Mexican cuisine, international recognition, has a vast range of ingredients and colors that seduce even the most strict palate. And to accompany a delicious tequila or a good Mexican beer.
Another great passion of this colorful culture is football (and to a lesser extent baseball). The First Division matches are beating hearts and promote brotherhood among followers of each team. Men, women and children from all walks of life throng the stadiums or gather in their homes to follow minute by minute the moves of their favorite players.
The mariachi one of the most representative samples of Mexican music in the world.
Mexican gastronomy is one of the richest in food types, ranging from a simple soup orbroth until ma scomplejas meals, like a mole, chiles landings enogada peppers, enchiladas and other Mexican dishes.
Kassandra Kuhlman & Shauntae Ashleigh Miller
United States and Bahamas Culture
Although close together, the United States and the Bahamas are two different worlds. There are many things besides the difference that separate them. The United States is made up of 50 states, whereas the Bahamas are made of up to 700 islands. On another note, they both have Christianity as the largest religion, and both of their languages consist of English.
The Bahamas has a location in the Caribbean. They are a chain of islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of Florida, northeast of Cuba. The United States borders Canada and Mexico. The climate in the Bahamas is known to be a tropical marine, however the United States ranges in climates. The United States has cold climate from Alaska, clear up the thermometer to the hot weather in Hawaii and Texas. The Bahamas population is a very small compared to the huge population of the United States. The Capital of the Bahamas is Nassau, and the United States is Washington D.C.
Bahamas is independent along with the United States when it comes to government. The difference in government is the United States has a constitution-based federal republic government. The Bahamas has a constitutional parliamentary democracy. The Bahamas, does not stress on money, near as much as the United States. The United States is all about how to make a dollar, and how to make it at the fastest rate. The Bahamas is more conservative with their money.
The Bahamas is made of a large black population, as the United States has a wide variety, mainly white. Relatively speaking Bahamians take religion seriously. Most are devout Christians. It is not uncommon for everyday speech to the peppered with verses from the Bible and government programs or events and opened with short prayers. Sunday is a day for church going and prayer. People dress up in their best clothes to attend religious services. The overwhelming majority of the people are Christian. Catholicism is the largest single denomination, but Protestants of all denominations (Baptist, Methodist, Lutheran, Presbyterian, and others) outnumber Catholics. Judaism is the largest non-Christian faith, followed by Islam, which has a significant African-American following. Baptism, the largest Protestant sect, originated in Europe but grew exponentially in the United States, especially in the South, among both whites and blacks.
“A typical Bahamian meal consists of crab and rice, delicious steamed fish, served with baked macaroni and cheese and a good helping of potato salad. This is followed by desserts such as coconut or pineapple tart, bread pudding or guava duff, a delicious dessert that is made through a laborious process of folding the fruit into the dough and boiling and is served with a sauce.” “Americans eat large amounts of processed, convenience, and fast foods. The average diet is high in salt, fat, and refined carbohydrates. It is estimated that 60 percent of Americans are obese. The preference for packaged and processed foods is culturally rooted. Americans as a whole enjoy the taste of hamburgers, hot dogs, and junk foods. Processed foods generally are perceived to be cleaner or more safe than unprocessed foods.”
At the diner table, people from the Bahamas, are known to have a lot of manners, and a proper setting for eating. People from America, are more casual with their eating habits. In the Bahamas, you must finish everything on your plate, and if you cannot, you should only leave an extremely small portion. In the United States, people can refuse any kind of food or drink without being rude. When meeting someone from the Bahamas, they appear as polite, friendly, and joking people. When meeting one from the United States, many see them as a loud and very “smiley” person. Bahamas are more formal in their greetings than the United States, and the United States is more of an informal greeting.
In the Bahamas, a gift is usually only given by family and close friends. In the United States, gifts are known to be given by all. The people in the Bahamas believe in taking flowers, wine, or a small gift to their hostess whenever they are invited to dinner. Americans believe the same, but they are usually known to avoid that rule of etiquette.
The United States and Bahamas may have their differences, but there are similarities between the two. Just as we have stated before, they share a lot of religious outlooks and the main language, English. They share the celebrating of the same holidays, and the gift of giving.
In a greeting, both countries have a similar technique. They are both started with a firm handshake, and a stern contact of the eyes. The two countries give off friendly appearances, which are able to start new friendships easily. When it comes to business and business meetings, both countries believe that you MUST be on time to a meeting. You must dress nicely, and properly present yourself in a respectable manner. Meetings should be relaxed, yet taken seriously. Both countries contain direct and “blunt” people, not only in meetings, but in public locations as well. At dinner, neither country believes in sitting down at the table, until invited to sit down. Both types of people, are supposed to hold their knife in their left hand when cutting, and the fork in the right.
Both countries have diverse ethnicities. Although they each have their own leading ethnicity, these countries contain several others that have immigrated from all places. They both have a high travel rate. Both countries attract many tourists.
As earlier stated, The Bahamas and The United States, have several differences and similarities. In the end, we all are human, have faults, bleed the same color, form relationships, and depend on funding to make an economy succeed. Food, religion, language, etiquette, and attitude, may seem like major issues that separate the people, but in the end, everyone is the same.
Universal Health Care
Tyler Schnurr & Terry Lay
Universal health care is and has been a major issue in our nation. Many people within our nation complain about what the government is doing with the health care system, and many people also approve of what is happening with the health care system. Out of the entire population of the United States of America, how many people can say that they actually know what health care is? Before someone is able to complain or approve of something, they should know exactly what they are stating an opinion on. If you are uneducated on a subject, you are simply agreeing or agreeing to disagree on whatever the subject might be. The health care issue is a very heated subject in the government between the democratic and republican parties. Each party has a distinct view on whether or not health care will help out our nation. Whether or not health care will solve our problems, no one is completely sure. One thing that is certain is the fact that if the democrats pass the health care bill, it will dramatically affect the medical field in many ways. To fully understand this health care reform we must first know how changing it will affect our nation. Do the democrats realize the consequences they are going to have if they pass the health care bill? If not than they will definitely realize it later on down the road when republicans are sitting back pointing fingers, the nation is rebelling and everything has gone to hell.
“Prevention, treatment, and management of illness and the preservation of mental and physical well being through the services offered by the medical and allied health professionals is know as health care” (Dictionary 2). In the year 2010, health care reform has become a major issue yet again. We have not had health care come up as a problem since 1994 when President William Jefferson Clinton failed to ratify his ideals for health care (Lyke 3). Our very own President Theodore Roosevelt first proposed the initial universal health care in the United States back in 1912. He promised national health insurance, along with women’s right, better conditions for industrial workers and also many other issues that were taking place at that time. President Theodore Roosevelt might have been the first president to try to initiate national health care but he was certainly was not the last. Many presidents after him tried to succeed in passing national health care. Did they succeed after Roosevelt’s attempt? No, certainly not. So far, every attempt to better our health care has failed miserably. Although that still does not stop their efforts in trying to succeed later on. In 1929, a hospital in Dallas, Texas called Baylor Hospital is thought to have created the model for modern health insurance. While working on those two projects he also wanted to discuss a national health care program. The A.M.A. (American Medical Association) refused his discussion, because it would have increased bureaucracy, it would also limit the physicians’ freedoms and even interfere with the doctor and patient relationships (History 1-6).
With all of the hype of health care, it started to become very popular throughout the hospitals in the United States. Prepaid hospital insurance skyrocketed. Even though insurance companies showed that they would pay three cents per day while you were in the hospital, they did not cover the unemployed or anyone over the age of sixty-six years old. Shortly after being elected, President Truman proposed another health care bill. His idea would have developed over a ten-year period. It consisted of doubling physicians, doctors, and nurses throughout the entire nation. It would also require an increase of hospital construction. The A.M.A. fought against his bill, warning people about “socialized medicine.” President Truman’s plan was held up by congress. After Truman’s reelection, he gave his plan another try. It was shortly called off after the Korean War started. In 1962, President Kennedy started to push the health care subject. He even broadcasted a national address from Madison Square Garden. “This is not a campaign against doctors. This is a campaign to help people meet their responsibilities,” said President Kennedy (History 8). Sadly, Kennedy’s attempt to fix health care had failed due to the fact that his plan was also held up by congress just as all of the previous plans to help fix health care (History 7-13). From Theodore’s first proposal for health care to Kennedy’s influence on health care in 1962, every attempt of “fixing” health care has failed miserably. Although all of those attempts had failed, many other presidents also attempted to fix health care later on down the road. All of these presidents set out for one goal. That goal was to fix or better health care. Today, in 2010, President Barack Obama wants to try and fix health care. Will he succeed where all other presidents had failed? We can only wait and find out.
“I suffer no illusions that this will be an easy process. It will be hard. But I also know that nearly a century after Teddy Roosevelt first called for reform, the cost of our health care has weighed down our economy and the conscience of our nation long enough. So let there be no doubt: health care reform cannot wait, it must not wait, and it will not wait another year,” said President Barack Obama, February 24, 2009 (Health 1). Obviously our president is pushing for health care reform. Considering the fact that he is from the Democratic Party, the democrats are backing up his decision. There are a few choice republicans who have taken Obama’s side, but the majority of the Republican Party still remains opposed to health care reform (Health 1-2). As far as health care reform goes for Obama, he is well taken care of at this point because the majority of the law’s features will not come into affect until his second term. Hopefully he will have learned that fixing anything in government is not easy, and that usually even the tasks that seem so effortless to fix do not ever go as intended. If he does not take this into consideration, the health care reform he is trying to pass will surely be his demise. If things do go wrong, the effects it will have will be unpredictable (Fineman 4).
The United States has the most expensive health care in the world, but we do not get the top results that we deserve (Medicare 1). If the new health care bill gets passed, there will be some major changes throughout our nation. Throughout the major debate on the new health care, rebellions have broken out in the states. The people within these rebellions are worried about what might happen to them if the bill passes. Not only are the republicans complaining about health care but also even some of the democrats are taking sides with the opposing republicans. The biggest problem is that they are worried about their budgets getting ruined. Not only will the governors’ budgets be cut but also so will everyone else’s (Pickert 1-2). A bigger Medicaid tab, new regulatory burdens, insurance exchanges, and a fight for federal aid are some of the repercussions that will take place (Pickert 3-4).
There are thirty-one million people who will actually benefit from the new health care although in doing so, many of those people would only get the coverage they need by a huge expansion of Medicaid. Congress would like to have Medicaid expanded simply because of costs. It would be the most beneficial way to take care of everyone. The reason it would be the most beneficial is that Medicaid pays lower reimbursements to doctors and hospitals than any regular insurance company. To expand that help even more, the states will also pay for some of the cost. Considering there will be a lot of new patients for the first two whole years, the House of Representatives and the Senate will pay the cost for the states. After the two years are over, the House and Senate will only pay up to ninety-five percent. With all of these new patients seeking help, the question is where will we put all of them? “It is a huge load on the states at a time when we are still climbing out of the recession,” said the Tennessee Governor Phil Bredesen (Pickert 3). Many states are hurting due to all the budget cuts they are receiving. With the loss of money, they think it will hurt them when they try to pay for the House and Senate bills (Pickert 3).
States are wondering if they will be able to enforce the new restrictions for the new health care. All states look over the health insurance agencies, but very few of the states have rules that are as strict as the new federal reform. For example, the new policies will force insurers to allow everyone and anyone coverage on health insurance no matter how bad that person’s health may be. The process of getting all of the state legislatures to follow the new rules will be very difficult. The republican state legislatures have already decided to try confronting the new health care and debating its constitutionality. There is indeed another solution to these problems although it will require new regulatory bureaucracy. The states would object to having a new regulatory bureaucracy because one already exists at the state level. “If the federal bureaucrats assumed regulatory control, we would just be left to mop up the mess. We would not have any authority, but we would just deal with all the consumer complaints. That, to me, is the worst-case scenario” says Sandy Praeger, Kansas’ insurance commissioner and chair of the health insurance and managed care committee of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (Pickert 3-4).
Health care reform has a lot of different aspects. The aspect people probably do not realize is that if the bill becomes law, all private health insurance would be fair game for anyone (Pickert 4). Health insurance companies fear the health care bill. If it passes, many companies will lose money. The companies fear that they will not make enough money to pay for all the expenses and be able to make a profit of any kind (Fernandez 9). Exchanges (new improved insurance marketplaces) would be created under the Senate bill. If qualified under the Senate bill, private health insurance would be available to small businesses and even individuals. Exchanges will also be created at the national level under the House bill. Even if the House bill became active, states would be able to sit out if they have the capability of running it themselves (Pickert 4).
Senator Ben Nelson from Nebraska has come up with a special deal for his state. He calls it the “Cornhusker Kickback.” This is a very special deal as far as political favors go. If his idea is passed, Nebraska will never pay for any of the new Medicaid cost and the Federal Government will pay for it forever. With this idea being proposed all of the other forty-nine states are very unhappy. Henry McMaster, from South Carolina, along with the thirteen state attorney generals are working to prove that the deal Nelson has made for Nebraska is unconstitutional. Sadly, the major debate of Nelson’s “Cornhusker Kickback” plan is not the only concern. There are many other matters that are causing problems between states while attempting to follow the demands of health care; so many charitable acts go punished. For example, those states that have actually been able to expand their own Medicaid without help will receive much less from federal aid than the states that have been strict and watched what they did when it concerned Medicaid. Even though the liberals and democrats have been trying to get the health care bill passed, they will be the ones who are affected, more so by the federal aid cuts. The reason they would be hit harder by the cuts is because the liberal and democratic states are the ones who have been more generous when it came to Medicaid and health care (Pickert 4-5).
For many years, several of our presidents have tried to fix health care. None of them have been successful in doing so. You would think that eventually they would get tired of failing and finally give up on the matter. So far no one has given up; President Obama is still striving for success. We are one of the few countries that do not have universal health care. No one can say that in twenty years we would not have universal health care because we can count on having several more presidents attempting to change it if Obama fails in doing so. Health care reform may seem like a good idea, but overall it will end up hurting us in the end due to all the extra taxes that everyone will have to pay.
Like homelessness, mental disorders have there own group of people in society. There are many people that will have a little anxiety from time to time, but when someone starts to have to much it be comes a disorder for them and it disrupts some of their daily routines. The definition of an anxiety disorder is a distressing and persistent anxiety. There are several different types of disorders such as generalized anxiety disorder, panic disorder, phobias, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and also post-traumatic stress disorder. All of these kinds disrupt the lives of the people that have them.
The first type of disorder is generalized anxiety disorder. Generalized anxiety disorder is when a person has this they are always tense and are unable to relax for no reason at all. It is extremely hard for them to concentrate because they are always worrying about something. Some of the symptoms of someone that has this disorder is they are often sweating, trembling, or fidgeting.
The panic disorder has some similarities in that the person has the anxiety. The main difference is that it only happens every now and then and it is a much worse when they have the feeling of anxiety. Sometimes people may mistake someone with a panic disorder with someone that is having a heart attack by the way they act. Some of their symptoms are choking, trembling, irregular heartbeat, and dizziness.
A phobia is another anxiety disorder in which the person has an extreme fear of something for no apparent reason. All people have a little bit of fear in their lives, but people that have phobias do all that they can to avoid the object or situation that they are afraid of. People that have panic attacks may actually begin to have a phobia and fear the fear itself.
The next kind of anxiety disorder is obsessive-compulsive disorder. Like some of the other disorders, it can be ok in people in small amounts. People with this disorder often have reoccurring thoughts and do things in response to those thoughts such as cleaning. The difference between someone with this disorder and a normal person is that the thoughts that keep reoccurring in the persons head never seem to go away and can possibly affect the person for their whole life.
The last anxiety disorder is post-traumatic stress disorder. This disorder is most commonly seen in veterans that have fought in the wars, but also in survivors of disasters and violent assaults. The people with this disorder will often have flashbacks or dreams about the traumatic events that they have been through. The more traumatic the events were for the person while they were happening often determine how bad the stress will be afterwards. Most people will experience a traumatic event I their life, but not everyone will get the disorder.
So as you can see, there are several different types of anxiety disorders. The behaviors for all of them would be the same as people without the disorder, but the thoughts or actions of the people with the disorders are so repetitive or extreme that it interferes with the way that they want to live.
New forms of social interaction have been popping up in recent years. The creation of the internet opened up a whole new world of possibilities. Things like online dating and social networking have allowed people to distance themselves from each other without sacrificing social interaction. But perhaps they HAVE sacrificed something. Today’s social groups seem to be spreading apart and moving away from each other. Interactions have become less personal. Thanks to all of these changes we have the invention of the modern day clique.
The place that cliques are most prominent is in schools, especially High School. According to google.com, a clique is, “A small group of people with shared interests, who spend time together and exclude others.” Some widely known cliques include the Jocks, the Nerds, and the Cheerleaders. These are just the main three. There are usually several different, miniature cliques that intermix with these main three. These others include the Farm Kids, the Band Geeks, and the Semi-Populars. Depending on your location this may include Goths as well.
The main point behind a clique is to have a circle of friends or, at least, comrades in arms to socialize with. Naturally, this involves excluding certain people. For example, the Jocks and Cheerleaders might aim to exclude the Nerds. By concentrating people around us, who are similar to us be build a kind of protective wall between us and any outsiders. Unfortunately, this is also how the mob mentality is born.
The Jock clique is one of the main three social groups and is usually comprised of the athletes. These teens are usually the athletes, party goers, and the fun-lovers. Also, most of them are guys but not all. The most common stereotype for the Jocks is that they are all ripped fuel and can be violent towards non-members. Of course this is true mostly in movies rather than reality. The Cheerleader group is usually comprised of the most popular girls. The stereotype of this group is that all they talk about is fashion trends and the Jocks nonstop. Now, I know we all know someone like but that doesn’t mean that they are all like that. Members of the Nerd clique are usually coined as such by the members of other cliques. They typically include people who are book smart but don’t get out too much. They spend a fair bit of time by themselves or are accompanied only by others of their inner circle of friends.
The point of all this being that all groups are viewed by members and non-members in very different ways. The stereotypes that these groups are branded with affect how others perceive them as well as how they perceive themselves. Of course, not everyone belongs to just one social group. Many belong to several or tend to migrate back and forth. For instance, in Colby, Band Geeks seem to come from just about everywhere. The band includes cheerleaders, athletes, and nerds, like myself. However, this is not always the case. In some places the Band Geek group is an entirely individual group rather than being comprised of other groups’ members. The fact is that not everyone is what they seem. Everyone is different in many ways yet similar in many others.
The people of the world are spreading apart from each other as their differences increase. The advance of technologies like social networking is making it possible to stay in touch with each other over huge distances, but at the same time, is it making our interactions less personal?
The Homeless estimated number of people in the U.S. who are homeless for any period of time in a given year runs about 3.5 million. Out of 3.5million homeless people in the U.S.children are 36%, 59.2% who live in their cars, 24.6%live in Cardboard boxes, tents ECT. employed13%, homeless diagnosed with a mental illness: 16-22%, substance abusers: 26-40% men that are veterans: 40%, 100% of U.S. cities whose estimated homeless population is much greater than number of beds in emergency shelters, single men 51%, Families with children 30%, Single women 17%.
the numbers go on Some of the main causes for how people come homeless are do to Poverty is the most lagers level of homelessness Being poor means being an illness, an accident, or a paycheck away from living on the streets. Job loss Can lead to many other cause of homelessness, to income to pay rent or other bills. Low wages, declining wages have put housing out of reach for many workers: in every state, more than the minimum wage is required to afford a one- or two-bedroom apartment at Fair Market Rent. Lack of child support, in families where child support is ordered but not paid, the decrease in income can lead to an inability to pay rent, utilities, or both Lack of affordable housing, the lack of affordable housing has lead to high rent burdens (rents which absorb a high proportion of income), overcrowding, and substandard housing. Automobile related Broken down car, tickets, no insurance , ect this can cause them to loss their jobs. Another cause is Decline in Public Assistance is TANF Benefits and food stamp combined are blow the poverty level in every state and family of three approximately one third of the poverty , thus welfare dose not provide relief form poverty. Natural Disaster / Fire - Situations where due to chance a fire, tornado, flood or hurricane renders housing inhabitable. EX hurricane Karana leaf New Orleans under water for days. Divorce is one of the major cause of single man, Most often it’s the father, but sometimes it’s the mother and children or everyone involved. Tragedy that sticks the families can lead to having their own children paying for their problem. As we all see the causes of this it all lead to a butterfly effect if one thing happens another will fall. Violence and Drug and Alcohol related problems Lead to Battered women who live in poverty is often forced to choose between abusive relationships and homelessness. Drug and Alcohol Rates of alcohol and drug abuse are disproportionately high among the homeless population. Illness cause families and individuals struggle to pay the rent, doctor bills, and medicine, beginning with a lost job, depletion of savings to pay for care, and eventual eviction Mental Illness, Approximately 20-25% of the single adult homeless population suffer from some form of severe and persistent mental illness, and Physical Disabilities - Disabled individuals may be unable to work or find appropriate employment. For those receiving SSI, they often struggle to obtain and maintain stable housing. Post Traumatic Stress Disorder This disorder is common with veterans and those that have been in violent situations. It can make it difficult to have a stable life.
There are many homeless people out on the streets today. The effects of this have caused these people to make decisions or encounter situations they wouldn’t have to face if they weren’t homeless. According to the National Law Center on Homelessness & Poverty, those living on the street have encountered over six hundred attacks involving baseball bats and chains within the last ten years. Women are raped and thirty-three point two percent of female youths living in a shelter, become pregnant at least once. Children and teens are affected greatly. Children have more health problems such as ear infections, stomach problems and asthma. Some show signs of depression or withdrawal and have trouble in school. As many as thirty-two percent of homeless teens have attempted suicide at one point in their lives.
Teens also have dropped out of school due to expulsion or suspension. Seventy-five percent of teen runaways, who have been on the streets for more than two weeks, have become involved in theft, drugs and pornography. It has been reported that in 1995, fourteen percent had traded sex for food, shelter, money or drugs. Twelve percent of homeless youths have slept at least one night in a park, under a bridge or even on a street. Homeless adults also face more health problems than those who aren’t homeless. For instance, they are at risk for frostbite, leg ulcers, and tuberculosis. If a whole family becomes homeless, a child’s psychological development is changed. For example, the child may have to leave a neighborhood where he or she has established friendships and perhaps a school he or she has grown used to. Sometimes, becoming homeless may break a family apart. The children could be taken away from their parents to be put in shelters or foster homes. Out of twenty-three cities, fifty-five percent reported families having to split up in order to receive shelter accommodations. Once homeless, or being close to it, it’s hard to find secure housing. Without a roof over their head, homeless people may feel insecure which leads to self-esteem loss, no will to care for oneself, and becoming more violent. They also show signs of behavioral problems, have shown increased substance abuse, and sometimes become institutionalized. A person’s master status such as having money, a job or others, can be diminished when homeless or being close to it, and cause psychological as well as physical problems. An individual can exhibit his or her homeless status when seen toting all of his or her possessions wherever they go. All these problems could be avoided if homelessness could be dealt with. One common thing that tries to help out these people is soup kitchens. The Salvation Army is a formal organization that seeks to help the homeless in one way by serving meals. It can also be avoided through the help of programs. The Coc Homeless Assistance Programs which helps those on the streets attain permanent housing.
Over the years, cultures of the world have slowly changed and adapted. It is arguable what causes cultures to change, but undoubtedly, a cause is technology. New forms of technology have been created to suit specific interests, and generally to make life easier. Even if the initial intent was to improve social conditions, technology has also grown as a form of entertainment and communication. A century ago, communication was limited to primitive typewriters and transmitted radio signals. Entertainment was typically found by participating in outdoor activities, and toys were simple and often homemade. Within a decade, the face of technology had changed, and thus cultures. The market for entertainment systems boomed, and the ownership of "luxury items" became affordable for almost all societies.
Remember the excitement of receiving a letter from a family member living miles away? With the help of various email providers and social networking websites, letters are becoming a thing of the past. Emailing is a dominant force that is quickly disrupting the postal market and damaging card companies. In 1965, Massachusetts Institute of Technology was said to have used the first type of email. People soon began the easier and hassle free of emailing instead of buying post stamps and sending them through snail mail (post offices). Email began to become a friendly and free service to the public, which started a trend that made staying in touch with friends as easy as ever. Young adults and kids took advantage of it, making plans to hang out and talking to relatives easy and instantly. Emailing isn't the only thing that further made interacting easier. Cell phone use has quickly become a normal everyday occurrence in today's society. Only a few sms messages were being sent around in the 1990's, but it didn't take long for it to catch on. In the year 2000, it shot up in use. It soon spread across the nation, infecting everyone it came in contact with. The effects of instantaneous communication can be seen in all settings. They're seen in business meetings, restaurants and even heard going off in class. It is such a reliable tool now for people that it is almost required to have in jobs and school settings.
Technology is daily changing as people look for new ways to improve communication and change the world in helpful ways. In most cases, the growth of technology is a good thing. Agriculture and healthcare have improved conditions in all parts of the world. With the help of communication, new ideas and discoveries can be shared between continents. However, there are also downfalls to the improvements. Many people have grown to rely on technology; often, the reliance can grow into an addiction. People are beginning to have increased difficulty to set their phone down, or to get off of facebook. Due to the ease of talking and communicating with people, they are allowing themselves to become distant to things around them and focus on the task of texting or facebooking another. They tend to be difficult to talk to, always pulling out their phone to text or never leaving their computer desk to hang out. Studies show that most 15-18 year olds own a phone, while teenagers average 3,000 text messages a month. That says a lot about how technology has moved into our social lives. Texting and social network sites are no means dangerous, but if allowed it can quickly separate a person from the real world.
Technology: A March through Time
Jordan Miller and Jodie Hilt
The technology of history has been based on four basic periods: premechanical, mechanical, electromechanical, and electronic. We will take a brief look at each one of these stages on our way to modern technology and the possibilities we have for technology in the future.
In the Premechanical Age, between 3000 B.C. and 1450 A.D., our first technology use was rather broad. Around 2000 B.C., Phoenicians created symbols the Greeks later adopted the Phoenician alphabet and added vowels; the Romans gave the letters Latin names to create the alphabet we use today. • Early Chinese numbering used the numbers 1-9 as vertical lines, the number 10 as a U or circle, the number 100 as a coiled rope, and the number 1,000 as a lotus blossom. The first numbering systems similar to those in use today were invented between 100 and 200 A.D. by Hindus in India who created a nine-digit numbering system. Around 875 A.D., the concept of zero was developed. The first calculator we used was known as the abacus, invented by the Chinese in 3000 B.C. This marks the beginning of the Premechanical Age, and the start of a progression that will define the very tools we use today.
The first general use of “computers” was discovered in the Mechanical Age between 1450 and 1840. We had not yet invented a computer, but instead it was a person’s title that worked with numbers. In the early 1600s, William Oughtred invented the slide rule. An early example of an analog computer would be the pascaline invented by Blaise Pascal in 1623. majority of the technology made in the past history were engines. There were Babbage’s Engines, The Difference Engine, and the Analytical Engine.
The Electromechanical Age between 1840 and 1940 was the discovery of ways to harness electricity. It was also the Beginnings of Telecommunication. Examples of this would be the voltaic battery, the telegraph, Morse code, and the telephone, invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1876 and the radio, the invention of which is disputed by two different people.
The fourth age the history of technology is based on the Electronic Age between 1940 to present. Between these decades we have invented computers, stored programs for computers, and different generations of digital computing. Society has lived on technology for several generations, and it has definitely been a base to our economy. Inventions mean more investments and money. Technology definitely changed salaries, since new inventions were being brought up not as many people were needed in the fields or in factories. Machines, such as the Cotton Gin created by Eli Whitney, replaced people in their roles as laborers, however, people are still needed in order to run and maintain the equipment. Currently, people are still advancing and maintaining the technology that shapes the lives we live today.
Today’s technology exists in everything we see and use today. From The frame that holds up the bed we sleep on to the way we brew coffee and even go to and from work, technology exists in every faucet of our lives. We rely on technology so much in our everyday lives that we take most of it for granted. For instance, when you put your shoes on in the morning over the socks you are wearing you are taking advantage of at least 5 pieces of technology, not including the technology it took to manufacture your shoes and socks. If you don’t see the 5 ways technology is used then you have just proven my point, we take it for granted. From the alarm that wakes us up to the vehicle that takes us to work, technology is improving the quality of life, and making everything from communications to making a meal as simple as possible. Just think, once the technology of today was thought to be science fiction, even as little as 10 years ago. The amazing advancements that we know we are capable of makes you wonder if what we consider science fiction today will one day be the reality of technology. The future of technology has anywhere to go, and thanks to the advancements currently going on in the field of space exploration, the sky, is no longer the limit.
The future of our technology is only limited to the imaginations of those discovering it. The future of communications is already here in the form of fiber optics. However, even that has the ability to be expanded upon. Currently glass is used as the transport medium to move the data that has been encapsulated onto a beam of light, but light is moving fastest when it is being transmitted through a vacuum. There may come the day when our thought is all that it takes to pull up information on the internet. The way the world is today, with crisis and war as a part of our everyday lives, technology will also continue down a violently motivated road as well. The ideas of active camouflage and teleportation, and the constant advancements in weaponry and ways to implement destructive power on an opposing force also make the future of, not only technology, but also the world unclear. Technology is also being used to advance medicine in order to help the world. New cures for old diseases are being discovered everyday because of our amazing ability to adapt to any type of situation. The future of medicine, human health, and the world are all reliant on the future of technology. It’s every society’s hope that the future leaders will implement not only the best that technology has to offer to make our lives easier, but also the right technology to keep us protected and safe.
As we have discovered, the road to technology is always changing, but is always laid out before us. Through our needs as a society technology grows and develops into the very things we need the most. Technology will always be a part of our history, our present life, and we will always be looking for ways to improve it and utilize the best parts in our future. The possibilities are as endless as the ideas, unfortunately, it is not just the good ideas that make the future of technological development what it will be. Making the future of everything both exciting and terrifying.
Why Guys Aren't Reading and What We Can Do About It
by Leanna Larmer
Libraries have existed for as long as language has been able to be recorded and written down; starting with the Library of Alexandria in 3 B.C. and continuing to modern day. Today’s libraries have far surpassed those first libraries through their access to knowledge and technology. However, libraries still seem to live in the Dark Ages when it comes to promoting reading to their patrons particularly the male gender. Guys aren’t reading for research, and they don’t want to read for entertainment because of certain stigmas that have been placed on reading for so many years. So, why aren’t guys reading?
According to the statistics, a lot of guys are having trouble reading.
• The U.S. Department of Education reading tests for the last 30 years show guys scoring worse than girls in every age group, every year.
• Eighth grade guys are 50 percent more likely to be held back than girls.
• Two-thirds of Special Education Students in high school are guys.
• Overall college enrollment is higher for girls than guys.
Guys might be having trouble because:
• Biologically, guys are slower to develop than girls and often struggle with reading and writing skills early on.
• The action-oriented, competitive learning style of many guys works against them learning to read and write
• Many books guys are asked to read don’t appeal to them. They aren’t motivated to want to read.
• As a society, we teach guys to suppress feelings. Guys aren’t practiced and often don’t feel comfortable exploring the emotions and feelings found in fiction.
• Guys don’t have enough positive male role models for literacy. Because the majority of adults involved in kids’ reading are women, guys might not see reading as a masculine activity.
In R. Lipstye’s article (2012), he believes that there are many problems in why guys aren't reading. First, they prefer narrative nonfiction while schools and libraries prefer the classics over current nonfiction; and second, most teachers, librarians and parents just don't know what is out there for guys. However, it’s also believed that there is a problem with the books that are being published. When the largest audience of Young Adult books is female then naturally the most books published are going to interest females. The author also said that the books-that interest males because they answer or help them reflect on their deepest needs are fears- are often not in schools and libraries because they seem too edgy and unproductive for the learning environment. Nonetheless, do we want guys reading or not? We can keep those books out and continue to send the message to guys that reading in for sissies or we can stock the books that they do want to read and promote that reading can be interesting.
In J. Pinter’s article (2012), he described what he believed to be the main problem with why guys aren’t reading and that was that the publishing companies are not marketing to men. The author believed that there are lots of men out there that read; the publishing industry just does a very bad job of alienating the male population because they don't print or advertise for books that males will want to read. The industry believes that men don't read so they don’t have men as a target audience. Therefore, men don't read because they feel uncomfortable or neglected. The cycle is very archaic and needs to be broken.
According to the information on www.guysread.com, our mission needs to be to motivate guys to read by connecting them with materials they will want to read, in ways they like to read. First, we need to make some noise for guys. Libraries need to have literacy programs for adults and families. A website that libraries can use to call attention to guys’ literacy is www.guysread.com. Second, we need to expand our definition of reading. Libraries and schools need to include guy-friendly nonfiction, humor, comics, graphic novels, action-adventure, magazines, websites, audiobooks, and newspapers in school reading. We must let guys know that all these materials count as reading. Third, we need to provide guys with the opportunity to choose. Motivate guys to want to read by letting them choose texts they will enjoy. Find out what they want. Let them choose from a new, wider range of reading. Fourth, we need to encourage men have to step up as role models of literacy. What we do is more important than all we might say. Fifth, we must be realistic and start small. You are going to convince guys that reading is wonderful overnight. They aren’t into believing the “Reading is wonderful” spiel because reading is often difficult and boring for them. We need to start with “Here is one book/magazine/text you might like” and go from there. Lastly, we need to encourage people to use the resources that are out there. Libraries need to get the information out there for the general public so that we can get people thinking about guys and reading.
There are many reasons why it is believed that guys don’t read-it could have to do with their education and how their learning styles don’t mesh with typical books and reading in school; or it could be that writers and publishers have forgotten or ignored the male demographic in their target audiences for current book selections. On the other hand, there is also a wide variety of solutions to the problem as well including attention, motivation, and information. As Dr. Seuss once said, “The more you read, the more things you will know. The more that you learn, the more places you'll go.”
Trenton Ham
Bert Guzman
Terrorism and Society
Terrorism- Common definitions of terrorism refers only to those violent acts which are intended to create fear (terror), are perpetrated for a religious, political or, ideological goal; and deliberately target and disregard the safety of civilians. Terrorism has been practiced by a broad array of political organizations for furthering their objectives and getting a point across. Each act of terrorism is a “performance” devised to have an impact on many large audiences. Terrorists also attack national symbols, to show power and to attempt to shake the foundation of the country or society they are opposed to. This may negatively affect a government, while increasing the prestige of the given terrorist organization and/or ideology behind a terrorist act.
A prime example of terrorism is the attacks on the twin towers of New York on September 11th, 2001. During this morning four commercial airline planes were hijacked and intended to fly into several U.S. targets. The hijacking led to the devastating attack on the twin towers from two of the jet air planes and severe damage to the Pentagon, resulting in the death of 3,031 American citizens. This infamous terrorist attack had a deep impact on society. It quickly led to the collapse of the U.S. economy due to the estimated 27.2 billion dollars in direct expenses, sending our U.S. government into deeper dept. It also led to a skyrocket of U.S. unemployment, a change in our currency value, the shipment of U.S. troops to the Middle East, and the capture of Saddam Hussein in 2003. A group heavily involved with Saddam Hussein is Al-Queda. The Al-Queda group was recruited by a man that was once in the top ten most wanted list by the FBI named Osama Bin Ladin, who also played a role in the attacks of September 11th. To further our history on Osama Bin Ladin, he had formed the group Al-Qaeda. This group was comprised of militant Muslims he had met while serving in Afghanistan. Soldiers were recruited for their ability to listen, good manners, obedience, commitment to their organization, and their pledge to follow their superiors. Under Osama's leadership, the group funded and began organizing global attacks worldwide. In 1996, to forward his goal, Al-Qaeda detonated truck bombs against U.S. occupied forces in Saudi Arabia. The next year, they claimed responsibility for killing tourists in Egypt, and in 1998 they bombed the U.S. embassies in Nairobi, Kenya, and Tanzania, killing nearly 300 people in the process. Bin Ladin was finally found and killed by U.S. Navy Seals after having a 25 million dollar bounty to his name.
Not only does terrorism occur outside the United States but also inside by American citizens. An example of this would be the Virginia Tech massacre. This occurred in Blacksburg, Virginia on April 16th, 2007 when a Virginia Tech senior student shot and killed 32 people and wounded 23 others, in two separate attacks, before committing suicide. This incident is known as the deadliest shooting by a single person in the United States and the second deadliest act on a school campus. This attack drew nationwide media coverage and much criticism of U.S. laws and culture. At the time president George Bush signed the law strengthening the National Instant Criminal Background Check System.
Since 2001, society has been greatly affected by terrorism. Not only has it greatly affected our economy, government spending, and unemployment, but we have also made changes for the better, such as U.S. security requirements being greatly intensified. For example: airport security due to the hijacking of commercial jets on 9/11. Most Americans consider this strict security a hassle but if it was applied before the attacks on the twin towers the terrorist act may have never occurred. Because of these acts and terrorist groups, Americans are much more aware of terrorism and the deep impacts it has on our country.
Sources: http://www.history.com/topics/9-11-attacks http://www.washingtonpost.com/local/a-massacres-survivors-recovery-and-resilence-at-va-tech/2012/04/14/gIQACxYWHT_story.html http://www.ibtimes.com/articles/140099/20110502/osama-bin-laden-never-charged-for-911-inside-job-likely-wtc7.htm http://history1900s.about.com/od/saddamhussein/p/saddamhussein.htm
Logan Middleton
Sociology MWF
John Dillinger Gang
John Dillinger was born in 1903 and grew up on a farm near Indianapolis, Indiana. His life of crime started at a very young age when he attempted to rob a grocery store with the town pool shark. They attempted to escape but were arrested shortly after. Dillinger’s partner in crime plead not guilty and was sentenced to two years. While Dillinger plead guilty and got sentenced to ten to twenty years in Indian State Prison.
Eight and a half years later Dillinger was paroled from prison. Soon thereafter he robbed a bank in Bluffton, Ohio. Police arrested him several months later and put him in jail in Lima, Ohio. While they were frisking him, the police found a paper which appeared to have plans of a jail break, but Dillinger denied the accusation. Four days later eight of his friends busted out of prison using shotguns and rifles which had been smuggled into their cells. During the break out two guards were shot. Three of the prisoners that broke out went to the Lima jail, where they freed Dillinger stating that he was being transferred to the very prison that they broke out of, on a parole violation.
Dillinger and his gang pulled of several bank robberies. They also robbed from police arsenals at Auburn and Peru, Indiana where they got away with machine guns, revolvers, and shotguns and quite a bit of ammunition and several bullet proof vests. Sometime later a Dillinger gang member shot and killed a police detective in Chicago. A month later while they were robbing a bank in East Chicago a police officer was killed. Then they made their way to Florida and then ended up in Arizona. While in Arizona the hotel the gang was staying in caught fire and the firemen recognized the gang from their pictures and the gang was arrested. The police officers seized five guns and five bullet proof vests and over 25,000 dollars in cash, some of it was from the East Chicago robbery. Dillinger was awaiting trial for the murder of the East Chicago policeman at the county jail in Crown Point, Indiana. The police bragged this jail was “escape proof.” But Dillinger would go on to threaten the guards into letting him out with a wooden gun he had whittled. He forced the guards to open the door to his cell and grabbed two machine guns then locked up the guards and took off. He then stole a sheriff’s car and crossed a state line at which a Federal complaint was sworn charging Dillinger with the theft and interstate transportation of the vehicle. At this point the FBI became involved in the search which covered the nation.
Then from March 1934 to July 1934 the John Dillinger gang continued robbing banks and just managing to stay step ahead of the FBI and local police stations. But on July 22 as John Dillinger was leaving a theater an FBI agent lit a cigar as a signal to take him down. But Dillinger quickly realized what was happening and pulled a gun from his pocket and ran toward an alley, where five shot were fired from FBI agents, three of which hit Dillinger and he fell to the pavement. At ten minutes till eleven that night John Dillinger was pronounced dead at the Alexian Brothers Hospital.
Mafia is a process, not a thing. Mafia is a form of clan-cooperation to witch its individual members pledge lifelong loyalty. Friendship, connections, family ties, trust, loyalty, obedience – this was the glue that held us together.” - Joseph Bonanno
When names like Al Capone, Charles "Lucky" Luciano, John Gotti, Joseph Massino, Joseph Valachi, and Paul Castellano are mentioned one word comes to mind, Mafia. The Mafia lifestyle is one that is envied but also feared. The Mafia has controlled everything from drug trade to government to street corners. This lifestyle has been glorified by television, movies, and society. These “bosses” and people involved in the Mafia are hounded by police, hunted by enemies, and feared by the common man. They are also however, highly respected and looked up to by many as well.
The Mafia began in Italy and is from Sicilian heritage. The main core of the Mafia is centered and geared toward one thing—money. There are complicated rules, secret rituals and tangled webs of family loyalty that become a part of the lifestyle as well. It is made up of many families that have, at times, fought each other in bloody gang wars. The leader of each family is known as the boss, or don. All major decisions are made by the boss, and money made by the family flows to him. The boss's authority is needed to resolve disputes and keep everyone in line. Just below the boss is the underboss. The underboss is the second in command, but the amount of power he has can vary. Beneath the underboss are several capos. The number of capos depends on the overall size of the family. He has specific activities that he is in charge of. Next the "dirty work" is done by the soldiers. A soldier is the lowest rank among these men. They're part of the family, but they hold little power and make relatively little money. Along with soldiers there are associates. An associate is simply someone who works with the mob, including anyone from a burglar or drug dealer to a lawyer, investment banker, police officer or politician.
The Mafia makes money by participating in any activity that is illegal. Illegal goods are expensive, untaxed and unregulated. Over the years, mobsters have dealt in alcohol during Prohibition, illegal drugs, prostitution and illegal gambling. One of the most notorious Mafia schemes was the intrusion of labor unions. It is believed that every major construction project in New York City was controlled by the Mafia. Mobsters paid off or threatened union leaders to get a piece of the action whenever a union group got a construction job, and they sometimes made their way up in ranks of leadership themselves.
Today popular movies such as The Godfather, A Bronx Tale, and Goodfellas portray the lifestyle of the Mafia. Some of it is gruesome and some is luxurious. Also shows such as Mob wives show the downside to getting caught up in the mafia and how terrible it is to have a family that is constantly dealing with incarceration, drugs and trouble. I admire the loyalty and family that comes along with being a part of the mafia but it is not a way that I would want my kids to live life.
Gangs have been around for a very long time and most of them have a dangerous reputation. One of the most
dangerous gangs in America today is know as MS-13s. The MS stands for “Mara Salvatrucha.” There are a few translations of the meaning to this but the most commonly used is “clique, street smart.” This gang started with people from El Salvador. When they came over the America in the 1980s, they started to notice that other affiliations started to see them as the dirt or scum of Los Angeles. They started to get beat up and stabbed buy other gangs because of what they are perceived to be. This made things blow put of proportion. The children of these immigrants grew up during the Salvadorian civil war and knew about violence like it was the back of their hand. This obviously angered the immigrants and this lead to them forming the gang MS-13. They stepped up gang violence and brought it to a whole new level by stabbing other gangs and even shooting them. The founding fathers of the gang are the children to those immigrants that came to Los Angeles. The gang has reached huge numbers and carries as many as 150,000 members according to (ms13gang.com). They also state that the gangs motto has changed from, “Protecting the neighborhood,” it is, “Destroy it.” This gang is very dangerous and from the spreading and motto change you cannot expect anything less than violence and terror. The gang has very specific tattoos and the member believe that wearing these tattoos shows their pride in their gang and will earn them respect.
Most people describe this gang as being close to Indian warriors with covering their body full of tattoos and ways of showing their alliance. The tattoos of this gang are very gothic, which means they are dark spirited. You will see many members with the tattoo, “666.” This cluster of numbers represents the devil and shows the ignorance of its members. The most common tattoo of its members is the teardrops under their eyes. Under the left eye represents a shot/wounded gang member and under the right eye represents combats with their rival gang. MS-13 is known for its devils horns gang sign. They have many ways of representing signs to other gang members and even to their own kind. According to (ms13gang.com), when a member rubs his belly, that means he is about to shoot someone. When they brush off their shoulders he is about to stab someone. Signs like these could be over looked in society today and is a very scary thing to know out in the “streets.” Gangs will always be around and I don’t think they will ever be resolved, but as long as they keep the violence away from everyday people, then they can represent anything they want to.
Charles Manson and The Manson Family
By Sunee Creighton
The summer of 1969 was known as the summer of love. It was also the summer of the Manson Family murders. The Manson “Family” was a cult of young people led by the charismatic Charles Manson. The group of wayward teens skyrocketed to infamy after the murders of actress Sharon Tate and her circle of Hollywood elite peers on August 9, 1969. The chilling homicides would eventually seal Charles Manson and his cult following into the history books as one of the most heinous crimes in history.
The Family
Charles Manson was a “tramp, a bum, a hobo” (Manson) on the streets of San Francisco. He seemed to blend seamlessly into the hippie scene of his time. With his musical talents, he managed to attract a small group of followers. Being the charming and charismatic young man that he was, he was able to convince his adoring fans that he was a reincarnation of Jesus Christ. Marilyn Beardsley of TruTV.com states that his philosophy of an impending race war was the structure and motive behind the “family”.
Manson was able to influence many (about 100) young people in his life, but the most recognized of the group, the actual murderers, were Charles “Tex” Watson, Linda Kasabian, Patricia Krenwinkel, and Susan Atkins. These four were sent by Manson to carry out the murders that were supposed to spark a massive race war. The four members of the Manson Family would eventually be known for their roles in the vicious murders of Sharon Tate (8 ½ months pregnant), Abigail Folger, Jay Sebring, and Antonio and Rosemary Labianca.
The Motive
What could provoke the young killers to take the lives of innocent people? Helter Skelter. This was the name that Manson gave to the impending doom that was a prophecized race war.
The theory behind Helter Skelter was that black people knew only what they had been taught by white people. Manson preached that framing black people for the murders would spark outrage in the black community, and erupt into a massive war. Once the black population had been destroyed, Manson and his followers would emerge as the leaders of a new world.
Manson Today
At this time, Charles Manson is housed at Corcoran State Prison in California. Since his conviction, Manson has had twelve parole hearings, all of which have been denied. His next opportunity for parole will come in 2027 when Manson is 92 years old. According to documents from the California Department of Corrections, Manson is far too dangerous to be released.
As for the rest of the Manson Family, most of them remain in prison serving life sentences. Watson, and Krenwinkel are both born again Christians, and have managed to get married and have families from behind bars. Atkins also married while incarcerated, but eventually passed away in 2009 from a terminal brain tumor. Kasabian reportedly attempted to lead a normal life, but still can’t manage to stay out of the watchful eye of the law.
What is adoption? It is defined as a legal proceeding that creates a parent-child relation between persons not related by blood; the adopted child is entitled to all privileges belonging to natural child of the adoptive parents. Some reasons to get an adoption are an unplanned pregnancy, too young and can’t afford it, or someone that’s not able to having a child. All of these are reasons to adopt and not abort.
An unplanned pregnancy can be difficult and very emotional. When planning to give the child up for adoption it’s important to get all the information you can about adoption and make sure that you are 100% sure adoption is the right thing to do. Some people think it’s the right thing to do then when it comes time to give up the child they decide that want to keep it. You need to be familiar with all the adoption laws in your state because they vary state to state. When you decide that adoption is the decision you want to make some people get counselors to help them with all the emotions that they are feeling because some of your friends just will not understand and it might be hard to talk to them about that kind of subject.
After you got the information you need then you could start thinking about the hospital situation. You would need to find a doctor you feel comfortable delivering the baby for you, who you would want to be in the delivering room if anyone, and the medical decisions like the epidural. Another big decision people that give their baby up for adoption have to decide if they want to see the baby at all or if it would be easy to give up if they didn’t see it at all.
There are also different kinds of adoption that you would need to decide on which one is right for you. There is closed adoption, semi-open adoption, and open adoption. A closed adoption would be that there would be no contact between the adoptive parents and the birth parents and no identifying information is exchanged. A semi-open adoption would involve agencies that could give information to the two parties before or after the pregnancy and still no contact information is given out. An open adoption would be giving out contact information and the adoptive parents and birthparents could send each other letters and pictures and they could also have face to face meetings. In an open adoption the birth parents could always be a part in the child’s life just not that parenting role that they didn’t want.
Today agencies show the birth parents profile and pictures of families that are looking to adopt and the birth parents can pick out which parents they want to adopt their child. Then once they pick on out they can set up a meeting and meet them before the birth of the child if that’s the way both parties want it to happen.
Adoption is not a bad thing, there are a lot of parents out there that want to adopt so people that chose adoption over abortion are doing a good thing to the society. An unplanned pregnancy can happen that’s when people should start considering adoption.
Adopted children may face more troubles when they reach their teenage years. Even though they may feel positive about their adoption, families will have complications sometime in the adoption process. Some children may have low self-esteem, question who they are and where they belong in the world and some may have grief and loss. Sometimes teens that face problems with being adopted are able to work out their feeling on their and overcome an insecurities they might have. Others may have to seek professional help because the feelings are too overwhelming. Adoptive parenting is a lot more complex than biological parenting. The main difficulty with adoptive parents is that they have to make sure that they keep the communication line open between them and the child. It is more crucial for adoptive parents to do this than for biological parents.
When children realize that they have been adopted they start to think about their relationship that they lost with their birthparents and other family connections that they could have had. This is more difficult when there is either a closed or semi-open adoption. Not every child will express that they want to know about their birth family or their history. Some children realize that the reason why they were put up for adoption is because the birthmother was having troubles either financially or emotionally or sometimes both and become more curious. Other children just think of it as a “done deal” and just want to move on with their lives and become who they were meant to be in the family that they have now.
When some children suffer from identity loss they also suffer from feelings of guilt. When children start to wonder about their birth family they feel like they are betraying their adoptive parents and feel guilty about wanting to learn about their past. A lot of times you will find teenagers who become interested in learning about or knowing their birth family to start to investigate on their own before they tell their adoptive parents. Most adoptive parents should have brought up the subject of being adopted to the child in a previous conversation that way they find out from them instead of another way.
Most of the time children who are adoptive as a baby will realize when they get older that they do not like their adoptive parents and will start to question it. However, there are some cases that the adoptive child does look like the adoptive parents and there are no questions for the child. Most of the time a problem occurs when a child is of another race and then people will express their viewpoints and it can become annoying or hurtful if the adoptive parents do not step in. When a child of another race than the adoptive family turns of age to start attending school, that child may start becoming a victim of bullying. Other children may taunt them about being adopted and then the child may become ashamed of themselves or even of their adoptive family.
Hurley Johnson
Intro to Sociology – Birth Control
All of my life, I’ve seen so many people getting pregnant, and having an abortion. For what reason? What reason? I don’t know why, but I feel like what that kid could’ve become in life. I also feel like every child is blessing sent from God. American’s private lives are controlled by the government. Preventing a pregnancy instead of having the abortion seems like a better alternative to me.
Erin Ryan explains how congress is controlling birth control for society. “Today on Capitol Hill, the House Committee on Oversight and Government Reform assembled a panel to discuss the birth control mandate in President Obama's Affordable Care Act. Specifically, whether or not requiring insurers to cover birth control violates religious freedom of people who don't believe in science. The committee, chaired by a male, consisted of eight men who felt personally persecuted by the requirement.” I have to agree that the sex of the people involved were unrepresented. She also stated that the Obama administration was initially going to require non-houses of worship to subsidize the cost of birth control for their employees regardless of the religion's stance on contraceptives. This didn’t satisfy the opposition apposed to the birth control.
“California Republican Darrell Issa chaired the panel, and because Republicans hold a majority in the House, he was able to choreograph the entire proceedings. He thoughtfully assembled a diverse group of men who don't necessarily have any real, fact-based reason to oppose birth control except for the fact that it made them feel icky.”
Ryan relayed, ‘from Issa's opening statements that "a man's conscience" should guide laws in America (and his failure to see the irony in using masculine nouns in a hearing that was ultimately about female parts) to his interrupting of DC's Eleanor Norton when she angrily requested clarification of rules, the entire hearing was was a tone deaf symphony that showcased just how delusional religious men who feel persecuted by the wide availability and accessibility of the pill actually are. Following a circus-y opening to the hearing that eventually led the Democratic women to reportedly walk out in protest, Bishop William Lori opened the testimony with a bit of truly dumb analogy making.
I'll put this as fairly as I possibly can: he compared insurance companies subsidizing the cost of birth control to the government forcing kosher delis to serve pork. Unbeknownst to him, failure to take pork every day cannot lead to pregnancy, bacon does not regulate periods, and a ham sandwich cannot decrease the number of abortions or promote women's health. The comparison of birth control to cooked pig parts was effective in one way, though— it showed that the Church utterly devalues women, and views their health care as a recreational afterthought. Want to have some honey glazed ham? Wanna keep from getting pregnant? Same thing!
The rest of the panel continued their Official Whining. A Baptist spoke. A Lutheran said that his conscience was being "martyred" by this rule (killed! Killed by a tiny pill taken by ladies so they don't get pregnant!), and the one Jewish guy who is against birth control appeared to make his case.
If you don’t want to have a child at this time in your life, people should have the option of birth control. But If any of you that is reading this Wiki, I would hope you take this serious and encourage other that are having kids or about to have one, not to have an abortion. They need to think about it.